Intergenerational trauma stanford4/1/2024 ![]() A detailed review of the literature accompanies instructive case examples. She focuses on common outcomes of a history of maltreatment, and of child sexual abuse in particular, including peer victimization, partner violence, parenting problems, and sexual offending. Alexander founds the book on this multifaceted parent-child attachment relationship and its place in the wider family system, integrating clinical experience with close attention to the long-term neurobiological and epigenetic effects of trauma. Rather, it emerges from the child's felt experience of the relationship itself-on implicit emotional, physical, and neurobiological levels. That is, what a child acquires from her relationship with a caregiver is not simply a reflection of what she has "learned" from experiencing or witnessing abuse. She proposes that an increased risk for abusive behavior or revictimization, as a function of one's own experiences of abuse or trauma in childhood, can best be understood through the complementary lenses of attachment theory (focusing on the relationship between the child and the caregiver) and family systems theory (focusing on the larger context of this relationship). In this book, Pamela Alexander does just that. However, broadening our vision and attending to new areas of research can help to illuminate this conundrum and open up new avenues of intervention. These discontinuities of cycles of violence and trauma have challenged professionals and nonprofessionals alike. However, many individuals who were maltreated as children do not replicate this cycle, and such models make little sense of the individual raised in a "good family" who is violent either as a child or as an adult. Indeed, theories of intergenerational transmission of violence indicate that if we ourselves have been abused and neglected as children, we will likely be abusive and neglectful to others close to us-thus extending the cycle across generations. That experiences from childhood affect our behavior in adulthood, especially in the ways we treat our children and intimate partners, is generally accepted. Peer victimization and partner violence. ![]() Family context of attachment relationships. ![]()
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